Eye wipes or eyelid cleansers are convenient and safe tools for good eye hygiene. In addition to cleaning the eyes, eye wipers have a moisturizing and soothing effect. This can be helpful during infection or allergy flare-ups.³

In this article, we’ll recommend some of the best eye wipes on the market based on your specific requirements. 

What Are the Best Eye Wipes?

Below are details of why each product made it to the list:

1. Best for Daily Use: Systane Lid Wipes

Customer Rating: 4.7 out of 5 on Amazon.

SYSTANE® Lid Wipes are premium premoistened eye wipes that you can use for your daily eye hygiene regimen. They effectively remove oily residue and debris around the eyelid and lash area. This product is ranked #16 in the First Aid Cleansing Cloths & Wipes category on Amazon.

Key Features

• It comes in a 30-count pack.
• Each wipe is pre-moistened and individually wrapped.
• It’s safe for all skin types.

Benefits

• SYSTANE® Lid Wipes effectively remove debris and stuck makeup that can irritate the eye area. 
• The ingredients are hypoallergenic, meaning they don’t cause allergic reactions.
• The wipes provide long-lasting relief on the irritated and dry eyelid margin. 
• They’re safe for use before and after contact lens wear.

2. Best for Sensitive Skin: Dr. Fischer Purified Eye Cleansing Wipes

Customer Ratings: 4.6 out of 5 on Amazon

If you have sensitive skin, the skin around your eyelids becomes more delicate and prone to irritation. Dr. Fischer Purified Eye Cleansing Wipes are the most effective for such skin types. 

The wipes are soft, pre-moist, and free of irritants like preservatives and alcohol. The product is ranked #70 in the Amazon Eyeglass Cleaning Tissues & Cloths category.

Features

• The wipes come in a pack of 60 wipes.
• They are made of an intertwined cross pattern with soft, wet pillows.
• Each wipe is pre-moist and individually wrapped.

Benefits

• Dr. Fischer Eyelid Wipes are recommended for all age groups.
• They keep the eyes lubricated⁠—a convenient solution for red, irritated eyes.
• They help soothe irritations and eye discomfort before and after contact lenses.
• Refreshes the eye surface, preventing blurry vision.
• They are safe as a daily makeup remover.

3. Best for Blepharitis: OCuSOFT Lid Scrub Plus

Customer Rating: 4.7 out of 5 on Amazon.

OCuSOFT®Lid Scrub Plus is the #1 doctor-recommended eyelid cleaner because it has antibacterial properties that are effective against infectious bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and MRSA.

The wipes are also designed to safely remove excess oil, debris, pollen, Demodex mites, and desquamated/flaky skin. It’s ideal for managing inflamed eyelids (blepharitis) and other moderate to severe eye conditions. The product is ranked #21 in Facial Cleansing Products category on Amazon.

Features

• It’s available in a 30-count packet.
• Each pad is pre-moistened and individually packaged.
• The active ingredient is sodium chloride to reduce swelling and irritation.
• It’s got an extra-strength leave-on formula.
• It’s fragrance and alcohol-free.

Benefits

• OCuSOFT Lid Scrub wipes are suitable for all skin types.
• Their formula effectively removes oil, debris, and other contaminants from the eyelids.
• They contain a patented preservative and moisturizing antibacterial blend that removes common eye bacteria.
• They can be used for daily eye cleaning and makeup removal on all skin types.

4. Best for Dry Eyes: OPTASE Tea Tree Oil Eyelid Wipes

Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 on Amazon

OPTASE® TTO Wipes are the ideal on-the-go wipes for soothing tired and dry eyes. They are moist, gentle, and preservative-free, ideal for daily eyelid cleansing and makeup removal.

The product is ranked #22 in Facial Cleansing Cloths & Towelettes category on Amazon.

Features

• The wipes are larger than other brands in the market.
• They come in a packet of 20 sterile wipes.
• The wipes have a textured surface, ideal for effective removal of debris.

Benefits

• The tea tree oil in OPTASE® TTO Wipes is anti-inflammatory for red eyes.
• The camomile and hyaluronic acid are moisturizing ingredients for dry eyes.
• The aloe vera is soothing for sore eyes.⁴
• Their large size makes them effective for cleaning larger areas of skin, especially during makeup removal. 
• The textured side provides better cleaning for stubborn dirt and debris on the eyelids and eyelashes.
• The wipes are safe to use for all ages.

5. Best for Makeup Removal: CeraVe Hydrating Makeup Remover Wipes

Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 on Amazon

Specially designed by dermatologists to remove makeup, CeraVe Hydrating Makeup Remover Wipes can remove even the most waterproof mascara. The wipes are gentle on all skin types and can remove makeup and other debris without breaking the skin’s moisture barrier.

These wipes are ranked #14 in the Facial Cleansing Cloths & Towelettes category on Amazon.

Features

• The wipes are made of 100% plant-based cloth infused with makeup remover.
• They come in a 25-pack bag.
• The wipes are non-greasy, fragrance-free, alcohol-free, oil-free, and allergy-tested
• They’re accepted by the National Eczema Association (NEA).
• They are biodegradable, thus safe for the environment.

Benefits 

• CeraVe Hydrating Wipes contain glycerin and other essential ceramides that help to lock in moisture and maintain your skin’s protective barrier.⁵ 
• The wipes are plant-based and non-comedogenic (they won’t clog your pores). 
• They feel gentle on the skin and eye area, reducing the risk of irritation.
• These facial wipes are also biodegradable in a home compost.
• The wipes are safe for all skin types. 

6. Best for Budget: NOVEHA Eyelid & Lash Wipes

Customer Rating: 4.4 out of 5 on Amazon

NOVEHA Eyelid & Lash Wipes are cheap and perfect on-the-go wipes for cleaning debris, dirt, and oils on your eyes and lids.

These wipes are made with non-irritating ingredients and are thus recommended in cases of mild to moderate eye irritations. A pack of 60 costs about $20 on Amazon.

Features

• The wipes come in a 60-count packet.
• Each wipe is pre-moistened and individually wrapped, perfect for travel. 
• They are made with non-irritating ingredients.
• The wipes are 100% organic and hypoallergenic.

Benefits

• NOVEHA Eyelid & Lash Wipes are effective in cleaning and soothing symptoms of dry eyes, styes, and blepharitis.
• They are ideal for sensitive eyes because they contain no irritants.
• They are multi-purpose and can clean minor cuts and remove makeup.

Why Is Proper Eye Cleaning Important?

The eyes are among the most delicate parts of the human body. If you don’t wash your eyelids and eyelashes properly, dirt, debris, and bacteria can accumulate, causing serious infections like eyelid dermatitis and blepharitis.

The recommended products are effective, affordable, and reliable for your daily eye hygiene routines and managing infections. To prevent accidental contamination of your wipes, wash your hands before touching them.

Can Eye Wipes Help Prevent Eye Infections?

Eye doctors agree that cleaning your eyes can prevent infection and improve dry eye symptoms like burning, tearing, redness, and itchiness.⁶

Researchers also agree that brands with antimicrobial properties can prevent eye infections like blepharitis. They remove harmful bacteria and dirt from the eyelids and skin around the eyes.⁷

For example, OCuSOFT Lid Scrub PLUS contains a special antibacterial blend that removes common eye bacteria like S. epidermidis.

How Often Should You Use Eye Wipes?

Use eye wipes based on your specific situation. For people with chronic allergies or dry eyes with mucus production, frequent use (up to 3 times a day) may be required for optimal eyelid hygiene.

You can use eyelid cleansers as needed for a daily routine, but once or twice daily is adequate. We recommend using one pad for each eye to prevent cross-infections.

Summary

• Proper eye cleaning prevents eye infections and keeps your eyes healthy.
• Eye wipes are the most convenient and safe tool for achieving good eye health and preventing infections. 
• They are specially designed to remove bacteria,  mucus, debris, pollen, and other irritants that may access the skin around the eyes.
• Some of the best-rated eye wipes on the market include Systane Lid Wipes, Dr. Fischer, OCuSOFT Lid Scrub Plus, OPTASE Tea Tree Oil, CeraVe Hydrating Wipes, and NOVEHA Eyelid & Lash Wipes.
• Observe proper hand hygiene before using any type of sterile eye wipes, as this will prevent cross-contamination.

This article provides a detailed review of how Visionworks fulfills its commitment to providing top-notch vision care and how it stacks up against other eyewear brands and stores.

What is Customer Experience Like at Visionworks?

Like any business, Visionworks receives positive and negative reviews. However, the company has a rating of 1.65 stars from 182 reviews on Sitejabber, indicating that most customers are generally dissatisfied with their purchases. 

Visionworks’ low rating cuts across several other review sites, including Yelp (3 stars), Trustpilot (2 stars), and ConsumerAffairs (2.8 stars). Reviewers indicate that some locations have the worst customer service, despite the company’s aim to provide a seamless experience for its clients.

What Customers Are Saying About Visionworks

According to the Better Business Bureau, the business received a total of 437 total complaints in the last three years. Most negative customer reviews and complaints mention poor customer service, rude employees, long wait times, and new glasses problems. 

These are some reviews on the company:

I ordered a pair of glasses online, and they never arrived. UPS marked the package as delivered. However, my cameras never picked up a delivery. Now UPS is investigating, but Visionworks says they will not replace them if they say it’s delivered…..”

“Poor quality frames at a high price. They never honor the warranty. We bought four pairs of glasses by the end of last year, and 3 of those broke within 6 to 10 months after that. When claimed, they started to hide and seek with us and never actually fulfilled the claim. Very, very disappointed.

There are also many satisfied customers with positive reviews. One reviewer on ConsumerAffairs said:

Great customer service, I don’t have much to say, I’m humbled with the assistance offered, great customer service and good communication, happy client and assistance… Can’t wait to have my glasses.

My eyesight was getting worse. I already wore glasses because I needed them to see anything further than 6 feet away. But things started to get blurry. So I called Visionworks. Which takes my insurance. And set up an appointment. When I showed up early to my appointment, they took care of me right away! They answered any question I had, whether it was about contacts or glasses. I chose glasses, but I might get contacts next time I go. I highly recommend Visionworks!

They were excellent. The staff is friendly and helpful. The doctor was amazing and very thorough. The best Optometrist I have been to in a long time!

How Does Visionworks Handle Customer Service Issues?

Visionworks tries to address all customer service issues appropriately. It also has an easy return process for those who are dissatisfied with their products.

Their 100-day return policy enables people to get their purchases exchanged or fixed as long as they are returned in their original condition.

Visionworks responded to most negative reviews by promising to correct the issues promptly or requesting more information to follow up on. According to the Better Business Bureau, Visionworks resolved 165 customer complaints within the last 12 months.²

How Does Visionworks Compare to Competitors?

In this section, we compare Visionworks to competitors regarding services provided, pricing strategy, insurance, and guarantees. According to Sitejabber, Visionworks ranks 173rd among eyecare providers regarding customer experience.³

Here is the competitor comparison:

Visionworks vs. LensCrafters: Who Is Better?

There’s no significant difference between Visionworks and LensCrafters regarding customer service, products offered, and average pricing. Both stores offer designer and branded products at an affordable rate (within the national average).

Neither LensCrafters nor Visionworks is BBB-accredited, and both have low to moderate customer ratings across various review sites. However, the rating and customer reviews depend on the location of each provider. 

For customers who love the convenience of virtual try-ons, LensCrafters stands out for this feature.⁴ With their myLook app, you can examine how the glasses look on you virtually from the comfort of your home.⁵ 

Visionworks doesn’t have virtual try-ons, but they offer digital eye exams through their telehealth system.

Visionworks Services and Products

Visionworks offers high-end eyeglasses, contact lenses, sunglasses, and other accessories. It leverages leading technology in its eye exams, ensuring customers get the most accurate results and the best solutions to their vision problems.

All Visionworks stores offer products from exclusive brands and designers. Top brands to choose from include:

• Nike
• Ray-Ban
• Salsa
• Flexon
• Robert Mitchel
• Calvin Klein
• OTIS+GREY, and more

Visionworks’ customers can purchase glasses and contact lenses in-store or online. On their website, you can filter your search by gender, brand, price, color, lens type, and more. 

How Does Visionworks Approach Eye Exams?

Visionworks provides the most advanced eye exam to detect problems beyond poor vision. This can include diabetes, high blood pressure, aneurysm, high cholesterol, lupus, etc.¹ 

These eye exams can last 30 minutes to an hour. You can access them at every Visionworks location in the country.

Types of Eye Exams from Visionworks

Visionworks locations offer two types of eye exams:

• In-person eye exams. You’ll visit the store on your appointment day and get your eyes checked by an on-site optometrist.
• Telehealth eye exams. Your optometrist will examine your eyes in-store via video conference, although an in-person tech will be there with you to provide any assistance required. Telehealth exams have more scheduling flexibility.

The doctors and staff at Visionworks will talk you through the process and answer any of your questions before and after the exam.

If your eye exam indicates a prescription is required, you could be eligible to wear contact lenses or glasses. If it’s your first time getting these vision aids, additional fitting and examination will ensure you get the best solution for your vision issue.

How Does Visionworks Price Their Products?

Visionworks has a clear and simple pricing strategy that enables clients to access services and products at low prices compared to many providers. You can get a complete set of glasses fitted with anti-glare coating for as low as $120.

Visionworks offers the following lens packages: 

• Standard package. Includes non-glare coating at no additional cost
• Plus package. Includes ultra-thin polycarbonate lenses
• Premium package. For Trivex or Thindex lenses
• Digital Premium package. For MyFocal HD lenses

The discounts and free shipping on all online orders make the prices exceptionally low. Currently, they have an in-store offer of 40% off if you purchase a complete pair of glasses (frame and lenses). 

Does Visionworks Accept Insurance Plans?

Visionworks accepts thousands of insurance plans in stores and is expanding the network to cover online purchases. Major insurance plans accepted include:

• VSP Vision Care
• UnitedHealthcare
• BlueCross BlueShield
• Davis Vision
• Avesis
• Cigna
• MetLife
• SuperiorVision
• CEC and more.

According to Visionworks, those without the accepted plans can still purchase and file an out-of-network claim with their insurance company. 

If you have Davis Insurance, the insurance toggle on their website can help you compare your insurance coverage and Visionworks’ current promotions to get the best deal.

For more information about the eligibility of your insurance plan, contact your local Visionworks location.

Does Visionworks Accept FSA and HSA Funding?

Visionworks accepts HSA and FSA fundings to cover the cost of eye exams, a new pair of glasses, sunglasses, or contact lenses. 

Health savings accounts (HSAs) and flexible spending accounts (FSAs) are tax-free accounts you can use to fund your healthcare expenses.

What Guarantees and Warranties Does Visionworks Provide?

Visionworks has a 100-day satisfaction guarantee that enables customers to return or exchange products they are not pleased with. They also offer lifetime free adjustments and cleanings.

You can protect your glasses for $34.99 a year with Visionworks Protect Powered by Extend warranty.⁶ With this warranty, you’ll enjoy full protection from the following:

• Accidental damage, such as scratches and cracks
• Pet damage, such as chews, breaks, claw marks, etc.

Note that Visionworks Protect warranty does not cover replacement glasses due to a prescription change.

Summary

• Visionworks is a major eye care provider in the United States with multiple stores and affiliated doctors and technicians.
• They offer both in-person and digital (telehealth) eye exams at reasonable prices.
• Visionworks offers affordable products and services that come with a 100-day satisfaction guarantee.
• The provider has a star rating of 1.65, indicating that most customers are generally dissatisfied with their purchases.
• Visionworks strives to promptly address all customer issues and complaints once brought to their attention.

• Iranian-American ophthalmologist Dr. Gholam Peyman invented LASIK in the early 1980s.
• Early LASIK relied on a microkeratome to create the corneal flap and the excimer laser to reshape the cornea.
• The introduction of the femtosecond laser in 1990 reduced the use of microkeratome blades in flap creation.  
• Advanced LASIK procedures, such as custom LASIK, are completely bladeless, although some surgeons still use microkeratome blades.
• LASIK continues to evolve as scientists aim to make the procedure much safer, more accurate, quicker, and more effective.

Throughout history, people with vision issues have sought better methods of improving their eyesight. From eyeglasses to contact lenses and laser treatment, experts have endeavored to keep up with the demand for safer, more comfortable, and more effective solutions. 

Laser In Situ Keratomileusis, commonly referred to as LASIK eye surgery, is one of the revolutionary laser vision correction procedures, with over 99% of treated eyes achieving 20/40 vision or better.¹

Interestingly, the technology has seen significant improvement since its invention, and it’s still evolving. This article examines the LASIK procedure’s origin, current advancements, and future expectations.

What are the Origins of LASIK?

Before LASIK’s development, Spanish ophthalmologist Jose Ignacio Barraquer Moner developed a procedure to sculpt the cornea and treat refractive errors (e.g., nearsightedness, astigmatism, etc.). He developed the microkeratome blade system and is now known as the “father of refractive surgery.”

Dr. Barraquer’s process involved:

• Removing a piece of the cornea
• Freezing it in cryolathe
• Reshaping it
• Reattaching it to correct a refractive error

Unfortunately, the procedure had a significant drawback⁠—the process damaged the corneal tissue.

Later, scientists discovered that laser pulses could shape corneal tissue without heat damage. From here, the excimer laser was developed, setting a foundation for laser eye surgery.

What Was the First Laser Surgery?

Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) was the first laser surgery performed on human eyes.² The first PRK procedure was done on an elderly woman in early 1988 at the Louisiana State University (LSU) by surgeon Marguerite McDonald. 

This procedure involved peeling off the outermost layer of the cornea and reshaping the underlying layer using an excimer laser. Further trial and error studies to improve the procedure later led to the invention of LASIK, which is associated with fewer complications and a shorter recovery timeline.

Who Invented LASIK Eye Surgery?

Iranian-American ophthalmologist Gholam Peyman invented LASIK eye surgery. Dr. Peyman came up with the LASIK idea in the early 1980s while evaluating the potential use of CO2 lasers to modify the corneas of rabbit eyes.

He later secured the first U.S. patent for the LASIK technology in 1989.³ The following year, in 1990, Dr. Loannis G. Pallikaris performed the first LASIK eye surgery using a traditional microkeratome and the excimer laser.

Other procedures were performed “off-label” until 1999 when LASIK received FDA approval. There have been many LASIK improvements since its invention, all aimed at making the procedure safer and with the best outcomes.

What Was LASIK Like in the Early Days?

Early LASIK relied on an oscillating blade (the microkeratome) to create the corneal flap and the excimer laser to reshape the cornea.

The procedure involved four main steps:

1. Manually slicing a thin flap on the cornea (the flap is left connected to the rest of the cornea by a small tissue hinge)
2. Folding back the flap to expose the underlying corneal layer
3. Reshaping the corneal tissues using the excimer laser device
4. Replacing the flap to allow for healing.

Evolution of the Microkeratome

The microkeratome was invented in 1948 by the father of refractive surgery, Dr. Barraquer. It is a device with a sharp oscillating blade that creates the LASIK flap.

The first microkeratome was a prototype and moved along a ring to make the incision. This version had no guides for the surgeon.

Later, in 1962, Dr. Barraquer developed a more accurate microkeratome. It had a suction ring as a guide to hold the eye in place and create pressure on the cornea for a precise cut.

The Age of Automated Microkeratomes

In 1991, the automated microkeratome was invented. It ensured a constant blade velocity so surgeons could perform smoother cuts.

Several microkeratome designs have been produced since then:

• The first single-use microkeratome (1999). Produced by Moria Surgical, features a disposable head to provide a smooth edge
• Hansatome microkeratome.⁴ Made by Bausch & Lomb Surgical, Inc., known to cut flaps with an upper hinge, preventing flap displacement during blinking
• The Amadeus microkeratome.⁵ Made by Advanced Medical Optics, features a single-hand design to enable easy learning by new surgeons

Although microkeratomes are still in use, they have largely been replaced by femtosecond lasers, which are considered a much safer alternative.

What are the Advancements in Modern LASIK?

Modern LASIK can now rely solely on laser technology. Developments in this area have made the procedure safer and quicker while producing optimum results.

From relying on the microkeratome blade to create a corneal flap, modern LASIK has moved to using different types of systems. These include the excimer laser, the femtosecond laser, and the wavefront technology.

How Did the Excimer Laser Revolutionize LASIK?

The excimer laser technology, and the existence of the microkeratome, enabled the first PRK surgery in 1988 and the first LASIK eye surgery in 1990. The laser could accurately modify the cornea without scarring or heat damage, revolutionizing the field of laser vision correction.⁶ 

The excimer laser got FDA approval in 1995. Today, there are many versions of the technology, but all operate under the same principle.⁷

How Did the Femtosecond Laser Improve LASIK?

The femtosecond laser eliminates the drawbacks of traditional microkeratomes, like dry eyes, flap buttonholes, and flap detachments (free cap formation).⁸ Instead of a sharp blade, it uses laser pulses to make incisions of various patterns and depths with high precision, predictability, and speed.⁹

The femtosecond laser was developed in 1990 by Dr. Ron M. Kurtz at the University of Michigan and got FDA approval in 2001. As of 2024, femtosecond-assisted LASIK (FS-LASIK) is mainly preferred due to its high precision and safety.

Combination with the excimer laser makes FS-LASIK completely bladeless. However, some surgeons still use microkeratome systems because they cost less and are still very effective.

What Is Wavefront Technology for LASIK?

Wavefront LASIK, also called Custom LASIK, is the most advanced LASIK technology that treats lower- and higher-order imperfections. Using a wavefront device, the surgeon can generate a three-dimensional (3D) eye map and use that data to reshape your cornea based on your unique vision correction needs.

There are two main types of wavefront LASIK:

• Wavefront-optimized LASIK. The surgeon uses the generated data to guide the laser and is always in full control. It cannot correct all higher-order aberrations (decreased contrast sensitivity, glare, shadows, halos, and glare).
• Wavefront-guided or topography-guided LASIK. This is more sophisticated and requires additional expertise. The laser uses the data from the wavefront device and tries to correct all issues, including all higher-order aberrations. 

The benefits of wavefront-assisted LASIK include the following:

• Corrects higher aberrations
• Can treat eyes with a history of failed laser surgery
• There is a higher chance of achieving 20/20 vision or better
• Lower risk of night-vision disturbances
• Lower risk of losing best-spectacle-corrected vision

What is the Difference Between Flap and Flapless LASIK?

Flap-associated LASIK involves slicing and lifting a piece of cornea to expose the underlying layer. An excimer laser is then used to reshape the tissues before replacing the flap.

Flapless LASIK, also known as photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), involves the direct application of the laser on the surface layer. It’s mostly recommended for people with thin corneas.

Flapless LASIK is less popular due to the following:

• Extended recovery timelines 
• Discomfort such as burning or scratchy feeling (may last several days)
• It may take several weeks to achieve visual clarity (compared to 24 hours in flapped LASIK).

Regardless of the above shortcomings, there is no significant difference in the visual outcomes of both procedures.

Is Modern LASIK Safer and More Effective?

Considering improvements like automation and the use of the femtosecond laser instead of sharp blades, modern LASIK procedures are much safer and more effective. However, it’s not a “foolproof” procedure. 

Surgeons still need to be very careful when using the current technologies to achieve the best results and minimize complications such as flap tears, eye perforations, decentered flaps, and more.

What Is the Future of LASIK Surgery?

Today, over 700,000 LASIK surgeries are performed in the U.S. every year, with over 19 million beneficiaries so far—and the future is brighter.¹⁰

Newer procedures are being developed to make LASIK treatment benefit more categories of people and improve safety, effectiveness, and speed of recovery. 

For example, PresbyLASIK (for older adults with presbyopia) can potentially replace multifocal IOLs and monovision LASIK.¹¹ Instead of correcting one eye for distance and the other for near vision, presbyLASIK corrects each eye for near and distant vision.

LASIK for children is also being investigated for FDA approval, with eye doctors indicating a potential benefit for children with severe nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia).¹²

What Is the Long-Term Outlook for the LASIK Industry?

Experts indicate that the LASIK market will continue to grow significantly.¹³ According to global market research, it reached 2.6 billion in 2022 and is expected to reach 3.7 billion by 2028.

The future holds a lot of promise for LASIK technology. More people are considering the procedure over eyeglasses and contact lenses, with safer tools, techniques, and experts flooding the market. 

One institution leading in the LASIK campaign is the LASIK Vision Institute. In this article, we review this eye care institution to determine the quality of service, payment options, and more.

What is the LASIK Vision Institute?

LASIK Vision Institute is a leading LASIK surgery provider with over 1.3 million successful procedures. They work with highly skilled independent LASIK surgeons who use state-of-the-art FDA-approved laser technologies and diagnostic tools to provide best-value services.

Since its foundation in 1999, the LASIK Vision Institute® has grown and opened locations in more than 33 states. They attribute their growth to the affordability and convenience of their services and the excellent patient care they provide.

What Services Does the LASIK Vision Institute Provide?

LASIK Vision Institute surgeons and employees endeavor to provide the safest and most comfortable laser eye surgery experience. Your experience begins with a free consultation and ends with quality post-op care advice and care. 

The following services are provided at LASIK Vision Institute eye centers:

• Traditional LASIK Surgery.² Most frequently performed procedure; involves the creation of a corneal flap before laser treatment
• Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK). Involves the removal of the corneal epithelium before laser treatment
• Custom Wavefront Optimized LASIK. Uses WaveLight® refractive technology to customize every patient’s visual needs
• Topography-Guided LASIK. The latest FDA-approved LASIK procedure uses Contoura® Vision technology to enable accurate eye measurements and personalized treatments
• Monovision LASIK.³ Usually recommended for older adults, this procedure corrects one eye for distance vision and the other for near vision

Pros and Cons of the LASIK Vision Institute

Like all businesses, LASIK Vision Institute has a number of positive and negative reviews from its clients. Below are the positives and downsides of LASIK Vision Institute:

How Does the LASIK Vision Institute Compare to Other Providers?

LASIK Vision Institute works with some of the best independent laser surgeons in the country while keeping the cost as low as possible. This, coupled with the latest technologies like Wavefront-optimized treatments and Topography-Guided LASIK, makes their laser centers stand out.

Qualifying patients can enroll in the Lifetime Assurance Plan, which enables them to seek LASIK-related treatments and same-technology enhancements without paying extra fees. This plan helps patients maintain their personal best vision for the rest of their lives.

How Much Does LASIK Vision Institute’s Services Cost?

According to The LASIK Vision Institute, the cost of eye surgery can range from $1999 to $4,000 or more per eye. The exact price may depend on location, technology, surgeon’s skill, etc.   

However, you never have to figure out the exact cost alone. The professionals at LASIK Vision Institute will investigate your vision correction needs and provide a customized quote. They’ll also discuss payment options that can help you pay less.

Does the LASIK Vision Institute Accept Insurance?

Laser eye surgery is considered an elective and may not be covered by your insurance provider. However, in cases where your insurance offers a discount, LASIK Vision Institute may match your plan’s discount.

Other comparable discounts may also be available (up to 20% off). However, it’s best to discuss pricing with the branch closest to you.

Available Financing Options or Specials for LASIK Vision Institute

In addition to insurance discount matching, the LASIK Vision Institute offers several other options to help patients afford the cost of vision correction. They will work with you to identify the best financing option for your service.

Some financing options you could use include:

• Health Savings Accounts (HSA) and Flexible Spending Accounts (FSA)
• Tax refunds
• Credit card (MasterCard, VISA, American Express, and Discover)

Some credit cards have long-term repayment plans or low interest rates. It’s best to check with your credit company for more information.

What to Expect on Consultation Day?

During your consultation day, your surgeon at LASIK Vision Institute will ask about your visual needs and desired outcomes. They will then map your eyes using special technology to identify any abnormalities in your vision.

This information is essential to determine your eligibility for LASIK procedures. They will suggest the procedure that will best satisfy your visual needs.

Some key information you can discuss with your surgeon during consultation day include:

• The surgery process
• Payment options
• Personal concerns you may have
• What to expect after surgery

 After deciding which procedure you want, the employees at LASIK Vision Institute will help you schedule your appointment.

What Happens on the Day of the Procedure?

On surgery day, your surgical team will prepare your eyes. They will apply topical anesthesia to ease any discomfort during the process and will use a speculum to hold the eyelids open.

The rest of the process will depend on the type of procedure you’ll have. These include:

LASIK Procedure

All LASIK procedures at The LASIK Vision Institute follow the same process:

1. The surgeon creates a flap
2. They will fold it back to reveal the underlying corneal layer
3. Laser treatment will shape the cornea for optimum vision
4. The corneal flap is replaced to allow healing

Depending on the type of LASIK you decide on, your surgeon will use unique equipment to facilitate the process. 

Contoura® Vision (topography-guided LASIK) is the latest FDA-approved LASIK technology, which provides your surgeon with detailed eye measurements, facilitating more accurate outcomes and eliminating the risk of aberrations.⁴ 

Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) Procedure

PRK differs from LASIK as it involves peeling off the cornea’s epithelium (outermost layer) and treating the underlying cornea using an excimer laser (an ultraviolet laser).

PRK is recommended for people with thin corneas that make flap creation impossible.⁵ The epithelium will grow back during recovery.

After surgery, your surgeon will provide an eyeshield to protect your eyes against accidental eye injuries that may cause complications. 

Monovision LASIK Procedure

Monovision LASIK is similar to standard LASIK, only that each eye is treated differently. Using an excimer laser, the surgeon will correct the dominant eye for distance vision and the non-dominant eye for near vision. This procedure is appropriate for older adults with presbyopia (age-related farsightedness).

How is Aftercare Managed at the LASIK Vision Institute?

The staff and surgeons at LASIK Vision Institute ensure that service doesn’t end after you leave the surgery room. In addition to staying a couple of hours to allow the surgeon to monitor initial healing, you’ll be provided with post-op care instructions to help you manage your healing eyes from home.

The professionals at The LASIK Vision Institute will also help you set up your follow-up visits, which are crucial to successful healing and monitoring.

Summary

• LASIK Vision Institute is a leading LASIK surgery provider with over 1.3 million successful procedures in the US.
• There are centers in more than 33 states providing various types of LASIK procedures and PRK.
• All surgeries at LASIK Vision Institute involve the treatment of the cornea using a special laser to attain the desired shape for the sharpest vision.
• The cost of LASIK procedures at the various locations may range from $1,999 to $4,000 or more per eye.
• Your procedure process will depend on the type of surgery you decide on.
• After surgery, your doctor will give you detailed post-op care instructions to manage healing at home.

This article reviews TLC Vision, including its services, patient expectations, financing options, and more. 

What is TLC Vision?

TLC Vision is a leading eye care service company providing corrective eye surgery in North America. It strives to make laser eye surgeries quick and more accessible. 

With its highly specialized professionals and state-of-the-art laser Wavefront technology, TLC Vision has performed more than 2.3 million laser eye surgery procedures across all its eye centers.² The company has more than 30 years of LASIK experience. 

What Services Does TLC Vision Provide?

TLC Vision provides the following laser vision correction procedures:

• Traditional LASIK. Involves the creation of a corneal flap and the treatment of the underlying layer using an excimer laser
• Custom LASIK surgery. A computer-generated 3-dimensional map of the eye is used to customize each person’s treatment according to their unique needs
• Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).³ This is a LASIK-like procedure that reshapes the cornea without creating a corneal flap; recommended for people with thinner corneas
• Monovision LASIK.⁴ A special type of LASIK for older adults that corrects one eye for distance vision and the other for near vision
• Refractive Lens Exchange (RLE). This procedure involves the removal of the natural eye lens and replacement with an artificial one, commonly known as an intraocular lens (IOL)

The TLC Vision Experience

The professionals at TLC Vision Centers endeavor to make everyone’s experience seamless, safe, and affordable. Below is what you can expect from consultation to post-surgery.

What to Expect on Consultation Day?

The LASIK surgeons and trained staff at TLC Vision Centers will diagnose your eyes and advise you on the best laser vision correction procedure for your desired visual outcome.

Your candidacy for the various vision correction procedures will be determined after a series of pre-operative tests, including corneal pachymetry, that involves measuring the thickness of your cornea to determine the extent of your refractive error. 

Before settling for any procedure, consider both the risks and benefits. Your eye doctor will address any questions or concerns you may have.

What Happens on the Day of the Procedure?

On the day of eye surgery, your TLC surgeon will prepare your eyes. They will apply topical anesthesia to ease any discomfort during the process. They will also use a lid retainer (speculum) to hold the eyelids open.

Procedures take about 10-30 minutes to complete. This is what you can expect during different procedures:

• LASIK procedure. The surgeon will make a thin corneal flap in your cornea and fold it back to expose the inner cornea. They will then use the excimer laser device to reshape your cornea based on the required measurements before replacing the flap and allowing healing to begin.
• Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Contrary to the LASIK procedure, where a flap is created and replaced, PRK involves removing the corneal epithelium to expose the inner corneal surface, which is then reshaped like in LASIK. After laser treatment, an eye shield will be placed to protect the wound. The epithelium regrows during recovery.
• Refractive Lens Exchange (RLE). Your TLC surgeon will make a tiny incision where your sclera (white of the eye) and cornea meet. They will then use a special tool to break down your natural lens, liquefy it, and then suction it out (phacoemulsification).⁶ They will then replace it with an artificial lens that corrects your refractive error. The incision will seal and begin healing. An eye shield will be placed for protection.
• Monovision LASIK. Using an excimer laser, one eye is corrected for distance vision and the other for near vision.

How is the Aftercare Managed at TLC Vision?

After laser eye surgery, TLC Vision professionals ensure people have a smooth and successful recovery. You’ll spend a couple of hours in the facility for initial monitoring.

Your surgeon will prescribe medications such as pain relievers and eye drops to help with any discomfort and prevent infection. They will also schedule a follow-up appointment the next day to monitor healing.

Even more important, you’ll receive post-op care guidelines to ensure you take good care of your healing eyes. 

What are the Costs of TLC Vision’s Services?

According to TLC Vision, the cost of LASIK surgery may range from $1,095 to $2,999 per eye, depending on your specific refractive error. They offer free consultations to determine the cost of every procedure before committing.

TLC’s vision aims at making every person’s experience seamless and affordable. This is why they provide considerably lower costs with several funding options.

All LASIK patients at TLC are covered under the TLC Standard Enhancement Policy. For anyone who requires enhancement to maintain good vision after surgery, TLC provides the service at no charge.

Does TLC Vision Accept Insurance?

Yes. TLC Laser Eye Centers collaborates with the following leading vision and health insurance companies to help eligible people afford the services: 

• Cigna
• VSP
• Davis Vision
• Aetna
• EyeMed
• UnitedHealthcare
• Blue Cross Blue Shield

TLC Vision recognizes that some insurance companies and employers only offer partial coverage for laser eye surgery. This is why they work with people to determine their eligibility for any additional coverage. They can either file claims on behalf of the person or guide them to ensure they maximize the available benefits.

Does TLC Have Financing Options or Specials Available?

There are attractive financing plans and special offers at TLC Vision aimed at making laser eye surgery affordable for you. For example, TLC works with CareCredit (accepted at over 260,000 locations) to enable people to access special financing offers such as:

• Paying for vision care for self and family at enrolled provider locations
• Making co-payments and deductibles.

Some TLC Vision patients use their Flexible Spending Account (FSA) and Health Savings Accounts (HSA) funds to pay for eye surgery. Ask your TLC staff for more information about these funds during your consultation.

What are the Pros and Cons of TLC Vision?

Below is what makes TLC’s vision superior and the areas that need to be improved:

How Does TLC Vision Compare to Other Providers?

Endorsed by more than 10,000 doctors nationwide, TLC Vision is a long-standing leader in laser technology, ensuring the safety and effectiveness of all procedures. The business has a 5-star rating on the Better Business Bureau website based on about 18 reviews.

Most TLC Vision reviews are very positive, highlighting the quality of service and their ability to deliver excellent results. Quoting one review, TLC is “way better than your average ‘drive-thru’ laser eye center.” 

The Lifetime Commitment® program also sets TLC Vision apart from the rest. This program helps people access vision care for the rest of their lives after surgery—and there’s no other like this. However, this program is only available at participating TLC Laser Eye Centers.

The TLC Standard Enhancement Policy also gives corrective eye surgery patients the advantage of securing same-technology enhancement procedures free of charge when required.

Summary

•  TLC Vision is a leading eye care service company providing laser eye surgery in North America. 
• Services provided include LASIK surgery, PRK eye surgery, monovision LASIK, RLE, and cataract surgery.
• The TLC staff endeavors to make everyone’s experience seamless, safe, and affordable.
• TLC partners with insurance companies like Davis Vision, Aetna, Cigna, EyeMed, and others to enable people to access vision care in an affordable manner.
• The unique TLC Standard Enhancement Policy, Lifetime Commitment® program, state-of-the-art technology, and nationwide locations make this vision care company stand out among the rest. 

In this article, we’ll look at:

• What causes Bitot’s spots
• How they are diagnosed
• Symptoms and associated conditions
• Available treatment options

First described by Pierre Bitôt in 1863, Bitot’s spots (also called Bitôt spots or Bitot spots) are dry-appearing whitish, gray, or opaque deposits that form on the sclera (whites of the eye). Bitot’s spots are made up of dry conjunctival epithelium cells.

The conjunctiva is the mucous membrane covering the front layer of the eyeball as well as the inner side of the eyelids. Vitamin A deficiency or hypovitaminosis is the main cause of dried-out conjunctiva and blindness in children.²

How are Bitot’s Spots Characterized?

A Bitot spot is often triangular-shaped. Its base is at the temporal limbus, and its apex extends toward the outer canthus (where the upper and lower eyelids meet).

The dry, elevated surface of a Bitot’s spot may appear frothy or foamy. These spots may also be more pronounced in areas of the eyeball exposed to ultraviolet light, wind, smoke, and dust.

In severe cases of VAD, corneal scarring and ulceration may occur. Depending on the scar’s location, light may be obstructed, causing poor vision.

How Common Are Bitot’s Spots in Children?

Bitot’s spots are more common among children in developing countries due to the high prevalence of VAD in such regions.

According to a children’s study done in India, the prevalence rate of Bitot’s spots among children with xerophthalmia was 0.9% in children under six years of age and 3.3% in children above six years.⁷ Studies done in Ethiopia indicated a prevalence of 0.5% among preschool children.⁸

Over the years, scientists have noted a downward trend in the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency. This is likely due to interventions such as health education and dietary diversification among affected populations. 

What Causes Bitot’s Spots?

The two leading causes of Bitot’s spots are Vitamin A deficiency and exposure to elements.

Vitamin A deficiency (VAD)

Bitot’s spots occur due to drying of the conjunctival epithelium, a common sign of vitamin A deficiency (VAD). According to research, fat-soluble vitamin A plays a vital role in vision, immune system competency, growth, and reproduction.⁴

Causes of vitamin A deficiency include:

• Malnutrition (low intake of vitamin A-rich foods/supplements especially in developing countries)
• Conditions causing malabsorption (e.g., celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, cirrhosis, etc.)
• Poor maternal nutrition
• Alcohol abuse
• Zinc deficiency
• Gastrointestinal disorders

In the eye, vitamin A supports the production of mucins. Mucins are special proteins that make up the mucus membrane of the conjunctiva. Without this protein, the conjunctiva dries out or changes its form.

Vitamin A deficiency can also cause interaction between the protein keratin (found on the conjunctiva cell surface) and the bacteria Corynebacterium xerosis, causing the Bitot’s spots surface to appear foamy.³ 

Exposure to Elements

Exposure to elements like ultraviolet (UV) rays, wind, smoke, and dust can sometimes cause Bitot’s spots, especially in adults.⁵ This can happen even in patients with no history of VAD.

Bitot’s spots are fully reversible with oral vitamin A replacement. However, if left untreated, vision loss may occur.

How are Bitot’s Spots Diagnosed?

Diagnosis of Bitot’s spots is done by carefully examining the patient’s ocular structures, blood, and clinical history. 

• General exam. To examine the patient’s weight, signs of jaundice, and abdomi­nal palpation; done to rule out liver disease
• Ocular exam. To check for possible subconjunctival fi­brosis and symblepharon; includes tests like Schimmer, Rose Bengal, and Lissamine Green
• History. To assess if the patient has a history of low Vitamin A intake or impaired absorption

Symptoms of Bitot’s Spots

The following are symptoms and conditions associated with Bitot’s spots:

1. Xerosis (drying) of conjunctiva and cornea. Drying of the conjunctiva and cornea is due to the loss of goblet cells and mucin. A dry conjunctiva appears wrinkled and dull. On the other hand, a dry cornea will appear dull and hazy.
2. Night blindness (nyctalopia). VAD’s effects on the production of rhodopsin (light-sensitive pigment in the retina) cause difficulty seeing at night or in dim light. In severe cases, total blindness can occur.
3. Corneal scarring. Bitot’s spots can damage the cornea, causing scarring. Depending on the location of the scar, vision may be impaired.
4. Xerophthalmic fundus. These are structural changes in the retina (the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye). The back of the retina may appear to have scattered small, white, deep lesions.
5. Keratomalacia. This refers to the softening of the cornea, especially in severe VAD cases. A softened cornea becomes prone to infections, ulcers, and rupture, which can endanger eyesight. 

These symptoms and conditions can lead to blindness and require immediate medical attention.

How are Bitot’s Spots Treated?

Bitot’s spots are treated by addressing the underlying cause–vitamin A deficiency (VAD). Adults and infants with xerophthalmia can benefit from high doses of vitamin A.

According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, most cases of Bitot’s spots will improve within two weeks of high-dose vitamin A therapy.¹ However, retinal effects such as night blindness may take longer to heal (about four weeks).

Preventing Vitamin A Deficiency and Bitot’s Spots

On top of the ocular manifestations of vitamin A deficiency, affected children are at a high risk of blindness or death. The good news is that the conditions are preventable and reversible before things worsen.

Below are strategies to ensure adequate vitamin A intake:

• Eat vitamin A-rich foods. Includes dark green leafy vegetables, yellow vegetables, fruits, carrots, milk, liver, etc.
• Properly manage diseases. Some diseases enhance vitamin A depletion, such as enteric infections (that cause diarrhea)
• Take vitamin A supplements. Especially beneficial for people with poor or limited diets or those with a condition that causes vitamin A depletion
• Proper vigilance. Watch out for signs of vitamin A deficiency in adults and children and consult the relevant medical professionals for early management

Summary

• Biot’s spots are dry-appearing triangular-shaped, whitish, gray, or opaque deposits that form on the sclera (whites of the eye). They are made up of dry conjunctival epithelium cells.
• The dry, elevated surface of a Bitot’s spot may appear frothy or foamy.
• The two main causes of Bitot’s spots include vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and exposure to elements such as UV rays, dust, wind, etc.
• If left untreated, Bitot spots can cause preventable blindness. Diagnosing involves carefully examining the patient’s ocular structures, blood, and clinical history. 
• Bitot’s spots are reversible through proper management of vitamin A deficiency. Experts recommend a high dose of Vitamin A as the primary course of treatment.

The female record holder is Kim Goodman from the U.S. Kim can pop her eyes 11.9 mm (0.47 inches) outwards.²

There are several reasons eyes may pop out of the socket. Besides being a rare gift for some, bulging eyes could also signal a medical issue.

In this article, we look at the following:

• Causes of eyes popping out of their sockets
• What to do if your eyes pop out of their socket
• Early signs of popping eyes
• Common questions about eyes popping out of the socket

Can Eyes Really Pop Out of the Socket?

Although it’s a rare occurrence, eyes can pop or protrude out of the socket. The medical term for this phenomenon is globe luxation. 

The human eye has an intricately woven group of muscles, ligaments, and tendons to hold the eyeball within the socket. For someone to experience eyeball popping, it would require high pressure behind the eye, which does not happen that easily. Most cases of globe luxation are caused by trauma such as impact injury to the head or eye.

According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, there were only 109 cases of post-traumatic globe luxation by 2021.³ This rare condition is more common among males than females.

What to Do If Eyes Pop Out of Socket

If your eyes pop out of their sockets, the first thing to do is dial 911 or your locality’s emergency number to dispatch medics. A family member can also rush you to a hospital if it’s nearby.

As you wait for emergency services, follow these first-aid steps:

• Cover the eyes. Use a clean, sterile cotton dressing or cloth to gently cover the eye (avoid coming into contact or applying pressure on the eyeball. You can also use a clean cup to cover the eye. 
• Restrict eye movement. Eye movement may cause the optic nerve and other ocular muscles to pull, causing further damage to your vision. Eyeball movement may also cause friction with eyelids, causing pain.
• Keep the eyes moist. Stay away from wind/dry air, which can dry the eyeball, causing pain. Dampening the covering (such as gauze or cloth) with sterile saline solution or clean water can help retain moisture. 

The more your eyeballs are exposed to the exterior environment, the higher the risk of damages occurring. Do not try to reposition the eye into the socket.

This must be exclusively performed by a qualified ophthalmologist using a special instrument. Your eye doctor will ensure your eyes return to their normal position and treat any underlying causes.

Seeing an ophthalmologist immediately is crucial. Severe globe luxation can cause exposure keratitis (EK), optic nerve damage, poor vision, or complete blindness.

What Causes the Eyes to Pop Out?

Globe luxation may be traumatic, voluntary, or spontaneous.⁴ Although some people like Sidney de Carvalho and Kim Goodman can pop their eyes voluntarily for entertainment purposes, eye experts discourage such a practice as it can cause severe damage to the eye.

Other reasons why eyes pop out of the socket include:

1. Post-traumatic Globe Luxation

Head or eye injury can cause bleeding behind the eye, leading to increased pressure that pops out the eyeball.⁵ Immediate medical attention is required to reposition the eye within the orbit and diagnose potential injuries.

2. Underlying Immune Disorders

Thyroid eye disease (TED) or Graves disease, caused by an overproduction of thyroid hormones, leads to the inflammation of orbital tissues.

3. Tumors

Some tumors, such as neuroblastoma (nerve tissues) and some soft tissue sarcomas, have the potential to grow within the eye socket and displace the eyeball from its position.

4. Eye Socket Infections

Infections such as orbital cellulitis or severe sinus infections can cause inflammation and swelling in the tissues surrounding the eye, resulting in eyeball protrusion.

5. Spontaneous Globe Luxation (SGL)

Spontaneous globe luxation is a dramatic popping of the eye that can occur without conscious effort with or without cause. It can result in complications like optic neuropathy.

Predisposing factors may include:

•  Thyroid eye disease
• Crouzon syndrome (shallow eye sockets)
•  Floppy eyelid syndrome

6. Exophthalmos or Proptosis

Exophthalmos is characterized by partial bulging of the eyes. This condition can affect your natural facial expression, causing a constant startled appearance.

Proptosis mainly results from thyroid gland issues (hyperthyroidism), tumors, severe trauma, etc.

Signs an Eye Will Pop Out of Its Socket

Normal eyes should have no visible sclera (white of the eye) between the top of the iris (the colored part of the eye) and the upper lid. If you notice the sclera showing, it’s often a sign that the eye is popping out of the socket.⁶

Other signs include:

• Pain or discomfort in the eye, especially when moving them around
• Pressure behind the eye due to ruptured blood vessels
• Eye inflammation and redness due to swelling of blood vessels
• Pain and swelling around the eye 
• Double vision (diplopia)  
• Bulging or protruding eye
• Vision loss/blurry vision
• Light sensitivity (photophobia)
• Lacrimation, or eye secretions/shedding tears

Some problems can be resolved easily if caught early. If you notice any of these signs, seek professional advice from your eye doctor.

Diagnosis and Treatment Options

To diagnose proptosis, your eye doctor will conduct a comprehensive eye exam using various technologies: slit lamp test, ophthalmoscope, tonometer, computed tomography (CT) scan, or an MRI to visualize your ocular structures.

The treatment choices depend on the extent of ocular damage and the underlying cause. Common treatments for popped eyes include:

• Manual repositioning. Your eyeball can be manually repositioned safely as long as there is no damage to the optic nerve and extraocular muscles. This can be done under anesthesia at your doctor’s office using specialized tools. 
• Surgery. Your eye doctor will suggest repair surgery if your optic nerve is too damaged or detached. Orbital decompression surgery can create more room for the eye by enlarging the orbit. Your doctor may also recommend muscle surgery to correct abnormal muscles.

Summary

• Although rare, eyes can pop or protrude out of the socket. This phenomenon is called globe luxation. Most cases of globe subluxation are caused by trauma. 
• While some people can pop out their eyes voluntarily or spontaneously (without cause), some eyes pop out of the socket due to trauma. 
• Other causes of bulging eyes include thyroid dysfunction, orbital infections, intraocular eye pressure, ocular tumors, etc.
• Research shows there were only 109 cases of post-traumatic globe subluxation by 2021. The condition is more common among males than females.
• If your eyes pop out of their sockets, don’t panic; protect them and call emergency services for professional assistance.

Doctors recommend regular eye checkups at least once a year to ensure your pupils and other parts of the eyes are healthy. Several primary tests are conducted during a routine eye exam, including the PERRLA eye test.

In this article, we’ll discuss this standard but important eye test, focusing on the following:

• Conditions diagnosed using the PERRLA test
• How PERRLA exam is conducted
• Interpreting PERRLA results
• Common queries about PERRLA

What is the PERRLA Eye Exam?

The PERRLA eye exam is a test to assess the health and functionality of your pupils. It examines how well the pupils respond to light and movement.

PERRLA is an acronym for “pupils are equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation.” It’s non-invasive, painless, and has no side effects.

How Does the PERRLA Assessment Work?

The test is conducted in a dark room at the doctor’s office. Using the PERRLA system, your eye doctor can diagnose certain health issues, including eye and neurological (nervous system) diseases.¹

They check for the following:

• Pupil equality. How equal the pupils are in terms of size
• Pupil shape. Normal pupils should be perfectly round
• Pupil reaction. How pupils react to light (constricting in bright light and dilating in dim light)
• Pupillary accommodation. How pupil size decreases or increases based on object distance from the eye

This pupillary response test is essential to emergency room patient assessments and routine eye exams.

Why is the PERRLA Eye Exam Necessary?

The PERRLA eye exam helps doctors identify any issues with pupillary dilation and constriction reflexes. Any issues with your pupils can cause vision problems, so the eye exam also enables them to implement appropriate measures to save your vision.

Pupils play an important role in your visual acuity by controlling how much light enters your eyes. The light is focused on the retina, a light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye.

The retina sends the light signals to the central nervous system (brain) for interpretation. This enables you to see and identify objects in your surroundings.

Common symptoms that may necessitate a PERRLA eye exam include:

• Decreased or increased pupil size
• Eye pain
• Difficulty focusing on close by objects (farsightedness)
• Diplopia (double vision)
• Drooping eyelids (ptosis)
• Severe head pain (headache)
• Light sensitivity (photophobia)
• Eye movement issues

What Conditions Can the PERRLA Eye Exam Diagnose?

There are many potential causes of pupillary defects. Consult your eye doctor or the emergency room if you notice unusual pupil structure or vision changes.

Eye doctors can use the PERRLA test to diagnose the following health and vision issues:

1. Anisocoria

Anisocoria is when the pupils’ sizes are uneven due to underlying health conditions. It affects about 20% of the population, and symptoms can vary depending on the cause.²

2. Third Nerve Palsy

Third nerve palsy is the dysfunction of the third cranial nerve that controls eye muscle movements.³ The defects affect the constriction of the pupil, the position of the upper eyelid, and the eye’s focusing ability.

A complete third nerve palsy presents with a completely closed eyelid with the eye positioned outward and downward. The eye’s inward and upward movement is impaired.

3. Adie’s Tonic Pupil

Adie’s Syndrome, otherwise known as Adie’s tonic pupil or Holmes-Adie Syndrome, is a neurological condition. It’s characterized by a pupil abnormally dilated at rest and reacting sluggishly to bright or direct light.⁴

Adie’s tonic pupil usually affects one eye. However, both may be affected too.

4. Horner’s Syndrome

Horner’s syndrome is a nervous system defect. On the affected side of the face, you will see a drooping eyelid, shrunken pupil, and decreased sweating.

Horner’s syndrome may result from a stroke, tumor, or spinal cord injury.

5. Marcus Gunn Pupil

Marcus Gunn Pupil is a visual problem characterized by abnormal pupillary reaction to bright lights. It’s also called a Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect or RAPD.

With this condition, one pupil may constrict while the other eye is exposed to light. However, the constricting pupil may refuse to react when exposed to the same light.

6. Argyll Robertson (AR) Pupil

An AR pupil is a condition indicative of late syphilis.⁵ It’s characterized by bilaterally small pupils that do not constrict in bright light but do so when accommodating nearby targets (light-near dissociation).

7. Brain Tumor 

A critical symptom of a brain tumor is the dilation of the pupil in one eye. This symptom requires immediate medical treatment.

8. Head or Eye Trauma

Trauma to the head or eye during a car accident or fall can cause severe injury to your ocular system. It can result in enlarged or differently-sized pupils.

9. Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP)

Increased pressure in the brain due to trauma or an underlying condition can cause one pupil to be dilated or fixed.⁶ Further deterioration can cause changes in pupillary reactivity and the size of the opposite pupil.

10. Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a condition caused by optic nerve damage. The optic nerve has nerve pathways that transmit light signals from the eyes to the brain. Damage to these nerves causes unequal pupils that do not respond to light.

11. Drug Abuse

Common eye symptoms of drug abuse include drooping eyelids, abnormal pupil size, and nonreactivity of the pupil to light signals. If drug abuse is suspected, the PERRLA eye test can examine pupil function before confirmatory fluid tests are done.⁷

How is the PERRLA Eye Exam Conducted?

The PERRLA test is a routine test during comprehensive eye exams. This test is done in a dimly lit exam room and involves three parts:

1. Pupil irregularity check. The eye doctor will examine your pupils for any abnormalities in shape and size
2.  Swinging light test. The doctor will use a small penlight to illuminate each eye independently and observe the pupils’ reaction to light
3. Focus check. The doctor will move an object (index finger or pen) close and far away from your eyes and side to side while observing the pupillary reaction and each eye’s focusing ability

The PERRLA eye exam requires no special equipment and can be done in about 5 minutes.

What Do the Results of a PERRLA Eye Exam Mean?

The optometrist will have the results ready immediately after the exam and determine whether your pupils are normal.

In healthy adults, the normal pupil size ranges between 2 to 4 mm in bright light and 4 to 8 mm in less light.⁸ They are also regularly round in shape and reactive towards light or moving objects. Any significant deviation from these characteristics may indicate a problem. Abnormal PERRLA results may show the following:

• Unequal pupil size (anisocoria). It may indicate damaged neck blood vessels, brain aneurysms, or cranial nerve damage. It can also be a side effect of medications like anti-nausea or motion sickness. 
• Sluggish pupil reaction (Adie’s pupil syndrome). It may indicate the presence of an infection, trauma, eye surgery, tumors, or migraine.
• Pinpoint pupil and drooping eyelid (Horner’s syndrome). This may indicate a damaged carotid artery, lymphoproliferative disorders, or tumors (neck and lungs)

The PERRLA test cannot detect a specific underlying condition. It also does not measure pupil size, shape, or reaction speed to light and motion. However, it can be a good starting point since it gives your doctor clues about any possible disorders to be investigated further for more accurate results.

Common Treatments for Pupil Defects

If your PERRLA test indicated pupillary abnormalities, your eye doctor may prescribe treatment depending on the underlying condition.

Common treatment options include:

• Eye drops. Pilocarpine eye drops can support pupil constriction in Adie’s tonic pupil.
• Prism eyeglasses. These may help relieve diplopia (double vision) symptoms due to a brain tumor, aneurysm, or a stroke. An eye patch can also achieve this.
• Sunglasses. These are recommended for use outdoors to deal with light sensitivity.
• Pupil cerclage.⁹ This surgical technique involves running a suture around the margin of the affected pupil to shrink it. This procedure minimizes stretching of the iris (front colored part of the eye), thus maintaining the desired pupil size and round shape. It can correct abnormally dilated pupils like in traumatic mydriasis or Adie’s tonic pupil.

Common Queries About PERRLA Eye Exam

Below are common questions people ask about PERRLA eye exam:

Summary

The PERRLA eye exam is a test to assess the health and functionality of your pupils. It’s quick, non-invasive, painless, and has no side effects.

Using the PERRLA eye test, your eye doctor can assess pupil size, shape, reaction to light, and accommodation. During the test, the doctor will expose your eyes to bright light and examine how your pupils react to light intensity and motion.

The test can help diagnose certain health issues, including eye and neurological (nervous system) diseases. Consult your eye doctor if you notice any changes to your pupil to rule out any serious underlying condition.

Although jalapeño eye burns can be very painful, it’s not a medical emergency, and the pain often subsides with time. However, if the pain is more than you can handle or persists, even after flushing with a sterile saline solution or tap water, consult your doctor for professional assistance.

It’s essential to know what to do if jalapeño comes into contact with your eyes. This article will review the immediate relief methods and how to prevent getting jalapeño contact in the eyes.

Immediate Relief Methods for Jalapeño in Eye

The best method for quick relief after getting jalapeño in your eye is saline solution or eyewash. If you can’t access a saline solution, tap water can help.

Although tap water isn’t bacteria-free, it’s recommended in emergencies. It’s easier to determine its cleanliness/sterility based on its source.⁵

If your eyes come into contact with jalapeño, rubbing them is a bad idea as it will worsen the situation. Follow these basic first-aid steps below for better recovery: 

1. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and clean water several times to get all the capsaicin oil off your fingers.
2. Flush your eyes continuously (5-10 minutes) with a sterile eye wash solution.
3. If you have no access to a sterile solution, use tap water.
4. Use artificial tears or eye drops to soothe the pain.⁶

To be ready for such an emergency, especially for spicy food lovers, stock up your first aid kit with artificial tears and sterile eyewash solutions.

Does Milk Relieve a Jalapeño Burn in the Eye?

You may come across some articles claiming that cow milk and milk-based products such as yogurt and ice cream are good remedies. However, this isn’t entirely true. 

Healthcare professionals discourage using milk in treating jalapeño burns. When it comes to your eyes, the risks of milk coming into contact with your eye outweigh its benefits.

Milk contains casein molecules that can surround and wash off the fat-soluble capsaicin molecules in the same way soap washes off grease from jalapeño.⁴ While this can relieve the pain and heat associated with chili, milk may still contain bacteria that are harmful to your eyes, especially if you can’t determine the milk’s level of sterility.

How Effective is Blinking Rapidly and Washing Hands with Dish Soap?

Blinking rapidly is very effective in washing away capsaicin from your eyes. Although it may be painful at first since it enables the capsaicin molecules to spread, rapid blinking will make your eyes produce more tears, which will help wash the molecules away.

Your hands also need to be capsaicin-free after handling hot peppers. Thoroughly wash them with soap and water.

The type of soap you use also matters a lot. According to experts, grease-cutting dish soap best removes the oil-based capsaicin molecules.

Why Does Jalapeño Contact Cause Pain in the Eye?

Jalapeño contact causes pain in the eye due to the presence of capsaicin oils. When capsaicin comes into contact with your eyes, it interacts with nerves and pain receptors to cause a sensation of pain and heat. The irritation may also cause tearing and redness. 

What is Capsaicin?

Capsaicin (CAP) is the active ingredient in pepper that produces a burning sensation when it comes into contact with any body tissue. In chili plants, capsaicin plays a role in seed germination and defense against parasites and fungi. 

Let’s look at the use of capsaicin in different areas: 

• Food. Capsaicin in food attaches to receptors on the taste buds, producing a hot or burning sensation that triggers a sense of heart-pounding excitement in spicy food lovers.¹ 
• Medicine. Capsaicin is used as a pain reliever and an anti-inflammatory in conditions like osteoarthritis and peripheral neuropathy (often sold as cream). It works based on the concept of “treating like with like” or a “counter-irritant”.²
• Deterrence and control. Due to its irritating effect, capsaicin is used in animal repellents and police-grade pepper spray. 

What Makes Jalapeño Peppers Particularly Painful?

Jalapeño peppers are particularly painful because of the high concentration of capsaicin oil. This medium-sized fruit of the Capsicum pod type measures 2,000 to 8,000 on the Scoville Scale.³ The Scoville Heat Units (SHU) measure how spicy or hot a chili pepper is and are based on the concentration of capsaicin.

However, jalapeño isn’t the hottest pepper. Its familiar cousin, Cayenne pepper, measures 30,000 to 50,000 SHUs. Even hotter than that is the Carolina Reaper, which is one of the hottest peppers, measuring about 1.5 million to 2.2 million SHUs. 

How to Avoid Jalapeño in the Eye

Washing your hands is very important after handling jalapeño peppers. However, you can take steps to protect yourself and your loved ones from jalapeño eye burns.

• Wear gloves. Disposable gloves can protect your hands from contact with capsaicin oils when handling jalapeno peppers in the kitchen or farm. Discard them properly after use to avoid contaminating other surfaces.
• Wash dishes thoroughly. After using knives and other utensils to handle jalapeño, wash them thoroughly with soap and water to wash off the capsaicin oils. 
• Avoid touching surfaces. Touching door knobs, drawer handles, and other frequented surfaces may put others at risk of getting jalapeño juice into their eyes.
• Wear glasses. If you handle large amounts of jalapeño peppers, glasses can shield you from jalapeño juices accidentally squirting into your eye.

Summary

Jalapeño eye burns can last hours. However, there are safe and proven at-home remedies, such as flushing your eyes with sterile saline solution or tap water. Blinking rapidly also helps produce more tears to flush out the eye. 

You can prevent getting capsaicin in your eyes by wearing gloves when handling jalapeño peppers. You should also wash your hands and all contaminated surfaces after touching this pepper.

Capsaicin (CAP) is the active ingredient in chili that produces a burning sensation when it comes into contact with any body tissue. Jalapeño peppers are particularly painful because of the high concentration of capsaicin oil (2,000 to 8,000 Scoville Heat Units (SHUs).

However, even these beneficial germs can become infectious if they overgrow or access inner tissues and cells. For example, although Staphylococcus aureus is linked to retinal cell survival in optic neuritis patients, this bacteria can negatively affect your skin, blood (bacteremia), joints (septic arthritis), or eyelids (blepharitis).¹

In this article, we’ll discuss staph infections on the eyelid and give insights into:

• The different types of staph infections of the eye
• The causes of staph infections on the eyelid
• Symptoms of staph infections and effects on vision
• Treatment options for staph infection on the eyelid

What is a Staph Infection on the Eyelid?

Staph infection on the eyelid is one of the most common causes of eyelid inflammation (blepharitis). It occurs when a bacterial species known as Staphylococcus aureus invades the delicate eyelid skin, causing swelling, pain, ulceration, and sometimes, vision issues.

Clinical experts may refer to the infection as staphylococcal blepharitis. Staphylococcal blepharitis is rarely contagious. However, spreading staph bacteria through skin-to-skin contact or contact with infected surfaces is possible.

What are the Symptoms of Staph Infection?

Staph infections elicit a variety of symptoms depending on the affected eye part. Common symptoms of eyelid infection include:

• A painful, raised red bump in or on the eyelid (stye/hordeolum)
• Broken eyelashes or loss of eyelashes
• Burning or stinging sensation on the infected eyelid
• Redness and irritation at the lid margin
• Swelling on the eyelid
• Sores or scarring on the eyelids 
• Oily eyelids
• A sensation of a foreign substance in the eyes
• Dryness/ flaking of the skin around the eyes
• Sticky eyelids
• Dry eyes
• Collarettes. Rings of flakes lining the lid margin/base of the eyelash
• Yellow or green discharge on the lash line

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It’s necessary to consult your doctor if you suspect anything unusual with your eyes. Diagnosing and treating staphylococcal blepharitis early can save you a lot of pain and discomfort.

What Causes a Staph Infection on the Eyelid?

The bacteria known as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the cause of staph infection on the eyelid. S. aureus is commonly found in healthy skin.

However, it becomes a problem when the population grows or if it gets into the inner tissues of the eye. The skin in and around the eye is sensitive.

How Do Staph Infections Spread?

Your eyes may come into contact with staph bacteria through the following ways:

• Skin-to-eye contact. Rubbing your eyes with unclean hands can transfer harmful bacteria
• Touching infected skin. If you have a staph infection in another part of your body, touching the area and then touching your eyes can transfer the bacteria to the eyelids 
• Ocular surgery. The trauma associated with surgery makes your eyes prone to bacterial infection
• Contact with a contaminated surface. Touching a surface contaminated by an infected individual and then touching your eyes

How Do Underlying Conditions Contribute to the Infection?

People with certain health conditions have an increased risk of opportunistic staph infections that can spread to the eyes. For example, people with cancer (especially those undergoing chemotherapy) have compromised immunity and are susceptible to staph infections.

Other conditions include:^4,5

• Diabetes requiring insulin use
• HIV/AIDS
• Kidney failure requiring dialysis
• Respiratory illnesses (e.g., cystic fibrosis and emphysema)

How Can Staph Infection Affect Vision?

Staph bacteria can be dangerous to your vision if treatment is delayed. The bacteria can infect delicate eye parts necessary for healthy vision, such as the cornea, vitreous chamber, tear ducts, and conjunctiva.

Vision-associated symptoms of a staph infection include:

• Sensitivity to light (photophobia)
• Corneal damage
• Blurry vision
• Blindness

How is a Staph Infection on the Eyelid Treated?

It’s important to consult your eye doctor before treating staphylococcal infections in or on the eye. Your doctor will determine the severity of the damage and recommend the proper medication.

Common treatments for staph infections on the eyelid include:

• Antibiotics. These may be in the form of ointments, eye drops, or pills. Common antibiotics for staph infections include erythromycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, and bacitracin. Clean your eyes with warm water and mild soap before applying topical antibiotic ointments. 
• Electromechanical lid margin debridement(surgery). When the infection causes a biofilm to grow and build up on the lid margin, debridement is done to remove contaminated tissue. This treatment is helpful in dry eye blepharitis syndrome (DEBS) cases.⁶ 
• Thermal pulsation. This treatment can relieve dry eye symptoms associated with staph infections. Heat is applied to the eyelids to improve drainage in the meibomian glands, which facilitates eye lubrication.

Are There Different Types of Staph Infections in the Eye?

Apart from staphylococcal blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelid), Staph bacteria can also cause the following eye infections:²

• Dacryocystitis. An infection of the nasolacrimal sac (tear sac) often due to blockage of the tear duct³ 
• Hordeolum. Painful bumps in or on your eyelid (also called stye)
• Chalazion. A painless pea-like lump in the upper or lower eyelid caused by blocked oil glands on the eyelid.
• Conjunctivitis (pink eye). Bacterial conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva, the mucous membrane that covers the eyeball’s surface and lines the eyelids’ inside
• Keratitis. Inflammation of the cornea (the clear front part of the eye) that requires immediate medical attention to avoid vision loss
• Endophthalmitis. Infection of the eyeball fluids (vitreous and aqueous humor); although it’s not common, endophthalmitis can threaten your sight

All these conditions can turn serious if not treated. You’ll need a complete eye examination to determine the affected area and course of treatment.

Home Remedies for Staph Infection on Eyelids

There are several methods of treating staphylococcal blepharitis at home. These work best especially for mild infections:

1. Apply Warm Compresses

Warm compresses can reduce inflammation in the infected area. Hold a wet warm washcloth or heating pad over the affected eye for about 20 minutes. Do this at least four times daily as symptoms persist. 

2. Clean the Infected Eye

You must keep the infected area clean to prevent further spreading or worsening infection. Wash your eyelids using prescription cleansers or over-the-counter eyelid cleaning pads like the OCuSOFT Lid scrub.

The pads remove pollen, oil, and other unwanted debris along the lash line that can promote bacterial growth. Tea tree oil (5% or lower) has also been identified as an effective way to minimize eye irritation.⁷

3. Take Pain killers

Painkillers will help with the pain and discomfort associated with the staphylococcal blepharitis infection, making the healing process manageable. Common painkillers include acetaminophen (Tylenol) and ibuprofen (Advil). These should be used as labeled or as directed by a medical professional.

4. Avoid Eye Makeup

Eye makeup like mascara and eyeliner has the potential to harbor staph bacteria. Avoid applying anything on the eyes until the symptoms of infection are completely gone.

Preventing Staph Infections on the Eyelid

Staphylococcal blepharitis can be severe, but there are simple ways to protect your eyes. Prevent eyelid staph infections by doing the following:

• Wash your hands frequently and thoroughly with soap and water 
• Avoid accidentally touching your eyes with contaminated hands
• Clean your hands before applying makeup or when inserting or removing your contact lens
• Avoid wearing contacts while treating a staph infection
• Clean your hands thoroughly after handling a staph-infected wound
• Clean your contact lenses after each use and store them in their proper case with lens solution to avoid bacterial growth
• Avoid sharing towels, eye masks, or any items that come into contact with an infected person’s face or eyes (especially if they have a stye)
• Keep your eyelids clean

You can promote a healthy ocular surface by visiting your eye doctor regularly. A comprehensive eye exam will go a long way in early diagnosis and treatment of staphylococcus blepharitis.

Complications of Staph Infections on the Eyelid

Staphylococcal blepharitis can cause several complications:

• Sepsis (bacteremia).⁸ This occurs if the bacteria gain access to your bloodstream. The bacteria can reach the heart (endocarditis), joints, bones, lungs, etc. Severe cases can lead to septic shock, which is fatal.
• Styes. These painful boil-like lumps occur due to infection of the eyelash follicles (eyelash roots).
• Eye infections. The infection may spread to other parts of the eye, such as the cornea (bacterial keratitis), conjunctiva (conjunctivitis), tear sac (dacryocystitis), and eyeball fluids (endophthalmitis).
• Blindness. Severe infection can damage eye parts essential for vision. If left untreated, vision loss is possible.

How Does Chronic Blepharitis Relate to Staph Infection on the Eyelid?

Chronic blepharitis can become staphylococci blepharitis due to the S. aureus bacteria. Staphylococci blepharitis requires urgent medical care.

Chronic blepharitis occurs when oily glands on the eyelids become clogged, causing irritation, redness, crusting, and other uncomfortable symptoms. The condition isn’t contagious, but it can be very uncomfortable.

Blepharitis can contribute to other eye conditions like dry eyes, inflammation of the ocular surface, and corneal ulcers. Milder cases are less disruptive to the eye surface. 

Summary

• Staph infection on the eyelid is the most common cause of eyelid inflammation (blepharitis). It’s caused by Staphylococcus aureus. 
• S. aureus invades the eyelid skin, causing swelling, pain, ulceration, redness, and vision issues. 
• You can get a staph infection on your eyelid through contact with contaminated skin or surfaces.
• Available treatments for staph infection on the eyelids include antibiotics and painkillers. Home remedies include warm compress, debridement, and thermal pulsation.
• Preventive measures include regular eye exams, proper hand and eye hygiene, and avoiding contact with contaminated objects.